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| Coffee with a Codex: The Voynich Manuscript (Facsimile) |
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Posted by: bi3mw - 30-07-2025, 01:17 PM - Forum: News
- Replies (22)
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On August 14, Curator Dot Porter will bring out a facsimile of Beinecke Library MS 408, aka The Voynich Manuscript. This is a realistic facsimile that looks exactly like the real thing. Lisa Fagin Davis will also be there.
August 14, 2025, 12:00pm - 1:00pm ( 5pm GMT )
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There is a series called “Coffee with a Codex” on YouTube. Perhaps this event will also be published there ?
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Decoding the Voynich Manuscript through African-Linguistic Phonetics and Ethnobotanic |
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Posted by: Abdulqadir1799 - 27-07-2025, 02:50 PM - Forum: The Slop Bucket
- Replies (3)
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hey here is my take on the script, you can download the paper via link and please comment feedbacks You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view.
some description i give here
This groundbreaking research proposes a novel decoding of the Voynich Manuscript using African-rooted linguistic models, with comparative analysis drawn from Nilotic, Berber, and West African languages. The paper constructs a plausible phonetic grammar, vocabulary, and morphological syntax based on visual glyph comparisons and contextual semantics from key folios (e.g., f1r, f26r, f34v).
The authors integrate: - Cross-cultural glyph analysis with Tifinagh, Ge'ez, and Ajami scripts
- Botanical and zodiacal references for semantic grounding
- Translation of a full ritual from a zodiac folio (f72v2)
- Paragraph-level translations of several pages
- A full glossary, grammar rules, and semantic map of repeated glyphs
The paper challenges Eurocentric assumptions about authorship and origin, proposing instead a highly plausible North or West African scholar (possibly Tuareg or Moorish) trained in medicinal botany and astronomy as the original author.
A new decoding method is introduced that fuses phonetic patterns, grammatical consistency, herbal-zodiac semantics, and African linguistic parallels. The Appendix provides a standalone linguistic model (Appendix A) and an extended glossary to support independent verification and further research
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| Zodiac labels |
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Posted by: takrobat - 25-07-2025, 07:09 AM - Forum: Theories & Solutions
- Replies (25)
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I am creating a new thread, as my previous thread was more focused on the images in the zodiac pages. But as I noted there, I find it interesting that a lot of the labels has "o" as the first glyph. We know that this is a common prefix, but I still think it is more than usual, so I did some analysis (which probably have been done before, but....)
I use the "H" transcription for this. There are 299 labels, this is because Gemini is missing 1 label: You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view.
According to my script 76.9% (230) of the labels start with "o". But this varies amongst zodiac signs. Aries have 29 "o", 1 "c", while saggitarius have only 15 "o". I was wondering if this was perhaps moving with time, but I see no clear indication of that, even though it kind of drops gradually.
The script I wrote output:
aries : 30 lines
Starting letters: c:1, o:29
taurus : 30 lines
Starting letters: c:4, o:24, s:1, y:1
gemini : 29 lines
Starting letters: a:1, c:1, o:26, s:1
cancer : 30 lines
Starting letters: o:24, y:6
leo : 30 lines
Starting letters: *:1, c:2, d:1, e:1, l:1, o:22, r:1, s:1
virgo : 30 lines
Starting letters: a:1, c:2, e:2, o:21, s:1, y:3
libra : 30 lines
Starting letters: a:1, c:1, o:24, y:4
scorpius : 30 lines
Starting letters: a:1, c:3, d:1, k:1, o:20, s:2, y:2
sagittarius : 30 lines
Starting letters: c:2, e:1, o:15, q:1, s:1, y:10
pisces : 30 lines
Starting letters: c:1, d:1, o:25, s:2, y:1
------------------------------------------------------------
Total zodiacs: 10
Total lines : 299
I have also created a graph to show it more graphically.
![[Image: letter-frequencies.png]](https://i.postimg.cc/fsBtrZ0b/letter-frequencies.png)
As I said in my previous post, I am just looking at stuff. Feel free to guide me in any direction if anyone wants me to look at something specific, right now I am still where this is curious, but I have no "theory" of why this is the way it is.
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| F70V1 |
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Posted by: takrobat - 24-07-2025, 10:12 PM - Forum: Theories & Solutions
- Replies (13)
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Greetings,
New here, but been interested in the VM for some time. Today f70v1 got my attention. It is an interesting piece of "art" 
What I am wondering about, is that the numbers in the "rings" are quite unusual(?). 10 in the outer ring, and 5 in the inner ring. Not often 10 and 5 is used in mythological/mystic traditions to my knowledge. I know that this probably have been discuseed before (i did a search, but did not find anything related, but sorry if I ignored something I shouldn't have ignored).
From wikipedia:
"f70v–f73v: The astrological series of diagrams in the astronomical section has the names of ten of the months (from March to December) written in Latin script, with spelling suggestive of the medieval languages of France, northwest Italy, or the Iberian Peninsula."
I find this peculiar
The original roman calendar also had 10 months, but they had 304 days in the year - and "these 304 days were followed by an unnamed 50-day winter period" (You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view.). That matches the march->december cycle.
Much later, so not related, in the french revolution they divided they year into weeks of 10 days (but 12 months of 30 days - ).
Have anyone found any good reasoning for the 10/5 rings? I am no expert in astrology, and I guess the answer is there - as I understand this is the zodiac sign aries?
Also, I noticed that all the descriptions beside the drawings all start with "o", very often "ot" but sometimes other gallow glyphs. As I always have thought of the post/prefix system to be a case system, or something similar to that. My first thought was the "o" could be something like a instrumental case, or a locative case. Of course this is just pure speculation, and instrumental case is not very common in european languages to my knowledge. Locative existed in latin, so that would probably be known. That said, I don't think the case system necessarily follows known cases - it would not be difficult to create a new case system. I have thought about a language that does not have verbs/nouns, but just differ the words with a case.
a runner -> running
But again, this part is pure speculation. Just throwing everything out
I would appreciate any feedback, especially about the 10/5 stuff. But also about every word starting with "o".
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| Wandering Stars ( Planets ) |
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Posted by: dashstofsk - 23-07-2025, 09:24 AM - Forum: Astrology & Astronomy
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Has there ever been some discussion about the fact that the astrology pages seem to have no depiction of the wandering stars ( planets ). The planets were the most significant of the celestial objects for astrologers. Their unusual passage through the sky has always been a fascination for them, who could, through interpretation of their position, foretell events and the destinies of individual people. Such interpretation of the signs was a valued skill in that time. And rather than being a heretical subject was actually lawfully permitted when in the hands of authorised practitioners. So it does seem a bit odd that the VMS, which seems to portray itself to be a compendium of the secret sciences, should not mention them.
It does suggest that either the authors were unfamiliar with the subject ( in which case it might be equally so with the other topics, which would make the content of VMS empty and valueless ), or did not care too much to make the VMS accurate ( likely under the artificial construction hypothesis ).
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| f72v1 and f72r1 |
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Posted by: dashstofsk - 22-07-2025, 02:12 PM - Forum: Physical material
- Replies (11)
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Has there ever been some discussion about the hole on pages f72v1 and f72r1? It seems that the drawings had to be made to avoid the hole, which can only mean that it was there before the pages were written.
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| The VMS as a possible chain encryption ( Mod 23 ). |
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Posted by: bi3mw - 21-07-2025, 11:30 AM - Forum: Analysis of the text
- Replies (25)
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I asked in the You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view. if a made up chain cipher is easy to decrypt. Now I have written a Python script that decrypts a given Voynich word using the same method. The result is then mapped according to frequency analysis (EVA > Latin). Admittedly, this is a rather rudimentary approach, I am primarily interested in decoding with MOD 23. The method is simple enough to be considered and also much more effective than a simple substitution. It could be implemented practically with a letter disk (like Alberti disk).
Here is the python - script and a list of possibly unabbreviated words ( Stolfi ):
chesokchoteody [f68r1, outer ring, near the bottom]
oepchksheey [f93r, top line, but looks like half of a Neal key]
qoekeeykeody [f105r, which I’d note is possibly the original first page of Q20A]
soefchocphy [f102r2, right edge, but right on the fold, very hard to read]
ykcheolchcthy [f68v3, first word of second line]
shdykairalam [f106v, last word of a line]
shetcheodchs [f43v, first word of a line]
Code: # Reduced alphabet: No J, U, W
alphabet = list("ABCDEFGHIKLMNOPQRSTVXYZ") # 23 letters
def char_to_pos(c):
return alphabet.index(c.upper()) + 1
def pos_to_char(p):
p = (p - 1) % len(alphabet) + 1
return alphabet[p - 1]
def chain_decrypt_verbose(ciphertext):
ciphertext = ciphertext.upper()
decrypted = ""
table = []
prev_cipher_pos = 0
for i, c in enumerate(ciphertext, start=1):
if c not in alphabet:
decrypted += c
table.append([i, c]) # Nur zwei Spalten für Nicht-Buchstaben
continue
cipher_pos = char_to_pos(c)
plain_pos = (cipher_pos - prev_cipher_pos) % len(alphabet)
if plain_pos == 0:
plain_pos = len(alphabet)
plain_char = pos_to_char(plain_pos)
decrypted += plain_char
table.append([
i,
c,
cipher_pos,
plain_char,
plain_pos,
prev_cipher_pos,
f"({cipher_pos} - {prev_cipher_pos}) mod {len(alphabet)} = {plain_pos}"
])
prev_cipher_pos = cipher_pos
return decrypted, table
def print_table(table):
print("\nDecryption Table:")
print("-" * 90)
print(f"{'i':>3} | {'Cipher':^9} | {'cᵢ':^4} | {'Plain':^9} | {'pᵢ':^4} | {'cᵢ₋₁':^6} | {'Computation':<30}")
print("-" * 90)
for row in table:
if len(row) == 7:
i, cchar, cpos, pchar, ppos, cprev, calc = row
print(f"{i:>3} | {cchar:^9} | {cpos:^4} | {pchar:^9} | {ppos:^4} | {cprev:^6} | {calc:<30}")
elif len(row) == 2:
i, cchar = row
print(f"{i:>3} | {cchar:^9} | {'-':^4} | {'-':^9} | {'-':^4} | {'-':^6} | {'(not a letter)':<30}")
print("-" * 90)
def apply_fixed_substitution(text, from_list, to_list):
mapping = dict(zip(from_list, to_list))
substituted = ''.join(mapping.get(c, c) for c in text)
return substituted, mapping
if __name__ == "__main__":
text = input("? Enter ciphertext to decrypt (only letters A–Z, excluding J, U, W): ")
decrypted, table = chain_decrypt_verbose(text)
print(f"\n? Decrypted text: {decrypted}")
print_table(table)
# Substitution: Voynich → Latein
voynich_order = list("OEHYACDIKLRSTNQPMFGXBVZ")
latin_order = list("IEAUTSRNOMCLPDBQGVFHXYZ")
substituted, mapping = apply_fixed_substitution(decrypted, voynich_order, latin_order)
print("\n? Substituted (Voynich → Latin):")
print(substituted)
print("\n?️ Substitution Map:")
for voy, lat in mapping.items():
print(f" {voy} → {lat}")
A side note:
"shetcheodchs" was converted to "LDYIFEYNDUEO" using the method described. ChatGPT hallucinates "Fide leo, deus unde" from it by rearranging, omitting and adding letters, which means "Trust the lion - God is its origin". This is remarkable because the plants on You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view. ( sun and moon ) could very well be connected with the lion according to alchemical interpretation. So you could easily fall for ChatGPT if you believe what you want to believe 
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| Cosmic Comparison Theory |
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Posted by: R. Sale - 21-07-2025, 12:47 AM - Forum: Theories & Solutions
- Replies (19)
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This 'theory' is based on the investigations of Ms. E. Velinska regarding the VMs cosmic illustration of an inverted 'T-O', geocentric Earth, in comparison with cosmic illustrations found in BNF Fr. 565 and Harley 334, over a decade ago. It has also been a number of years since she chose to delete her web page. Last I looked, Rene's site still referenced those expired links.
So rather than leading to nowhere, something should be said to those interested in promoting their new theories, in regard to the information derived from this comparison. All three sources show a very simplified cosmos with a similar structure. It's a long story but it reveals a lot about the VMs artist. The two historical sources have provenance located to Paris in the first half of the 1400s. This is coincident with the C-14 dates of the VMs parchment.
The structural similarities of the VMs show an ideological connection. There are 43 undulations. There is a 'mermaid' with four companions. Yet there is also a clear attempt at visual dissimilarity. There is a lot more to be considered relating to cosmic boundaries, Shirakatsi's "Eight phases of the Moon" and other things that would have been more familiar to the educated elite of the early 15th century than they are today.
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