15thc perception on swallowtail merlons?
Random discovery: 
Commenda di Santa Maria in Centignano, belonging to the Order of Malta. Fresco commissioned in 1415.
[Image: 2026-06-18-22h09-34.png]

[Image: 2026-06-18-22h09-25.png]
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14th century maps by Paolino da Venezia, Bishop of Pozzuoli (c. 1272 – 22 June 1344). Vat. lat. 1960
[Image: 2026-06-19-01h16-04.png]
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One author claims these were inspired by Pietro Vesconte's maps, such as those in Pal. Lat. 1362 pt. A
Quote:La mia ipotesi è che la fonte diretta delle carte d'Italia di Paolino veneziano siano esemplari scomparsi della penisola italiana preparati da Pietro Vesconte tra il 1320 e il 1325, come per il mappamondo e la carta del Medioriente di Paolino tratte dal Pal. Lat. 1362 del 1320, contenente alcune mappe del Vesconte. A supportare questa idea (mettiamoci pure la quadrettatura e gli indici numerici) vi sarebbero inoltre le strette analogie tra i simboli a merlo ghibellino (con la sagoma a coda di rondine) presenti nelle carte di Paolino e quelle dei ff. 4v-5r del codice Pal. Lat. 1362 pt. A, riprodotte qui sotto

[Image: 2026-06-19-02h53-18.png]
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One can find swallowtail merlons in most versions of the mappa mundi:
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I have no clue where these manuscripts come from and how they relate to each other, but they do remind me of the merlons in the VM.
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The row of merlons is interesting. At first glance you'd think it's a wall, but it looks like he uses a single merlon to mark a settlement.
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[Image: It._482_f._79v.jpg]
BNF It. 482 f. 79, The Decameron, 1360s, copied by the Florentine Giovanni d'Agnolo Capponi from an autograph of Boccaccio. The illustrations were added slightly later by an unknown Forentine miniaturist.
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Link to the Manuscript: You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view.
It might be worth checking out the other manuscripts.
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This is my last post for a while, as I'm taking a short break until August. See ya!
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Mr. Dumont, that is a great find. Not only the merlons, but the "labellese". 

It seems to me, that the more we look at 14th-15th century cultural outputs, the maps are the only things that consistently have labellese like we see in the VMS.
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Rainbow 
Can I submit a manuscript "Liber ad Honorem Augusti" for this map?

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You are allowed to track this link here: "https://www.e-codices.ch/de/bbb/0120-2/97r/0/"

It is from the poet Pietro da Eboli and it is picturing all kind of swallowtail merlons on different infrastructures. Since this autor belonged to a specific school which still seems to be missing on your map ... could you please add this entry under "manuscript art" and "swallowtail merlons"?

What else can you find in just this one manuscript? Archers, moons, stars, scholars, kings and queens, palaces, crowns, galeros, animals, plants, hills, medicine, philophosy, religion, believe systems, history writing.
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A valiant effort, but those look more like square merlons with saggy top lines to me...
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What do you mean by saggy? And what do you need as prove to add Salerno to your list with the same manuscript art and swallowtail merlons? I would love to my check my database for you. Just tell me, what you need. I will deliver.
Wink
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Just look here: You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view.

And the guests can use this link: "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste_der_Wappen_in_der_Provinz_Salerno#/media/Datei:Salerno-Stemma.svg"

It's a coat of arms of the Civitas Hippocratica, today known as Salerno. I guess you had another discussion going on about "Yppocrates" today ... in another thread. Do you need more evidences? And what kind of?
Blush
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There's a lot of focus on the Swallowtail Merlon castle in Rosettes, but to my eye the one right next to it looks Alpine. It has that tall tower with steep roofs to keep the snow off. Of course nothing can be taken for realism on that page, but it did get me thinking about where you'd find that combination, and the answer (looking also at the Swallowtail map) is Bozen/Bolzano and that part of the Brennan Pass... There's Castle Runkelstein and there's Kloster Neustift the great Augustinian Abbey... In the 15th Century it was a real language melting pot as well, and if you wanted a route up to Augsburg 150 years later, there are worse transmission vectors.... Still, it's no less provable than any other theory today, but curious if anyone has found a better intersection of those two castle types.
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