28-07-2026, 11:39 PM
(This post was last modified: 29-07-2026, 03:40 PM by Pierre Dumont Himself.)
I will start with an apology to Marco, nablator and Koen. I couldn't reply to you last week and probably won't be able to for a few more days.
When igajkgko posted the merlons at the Ethnographic museum, I decided to finish my investigation into the city of Split, which I'd suspected might once have had swallowtail merlons. Dealing with Croatian materials was not an easy task, though I am eternally grateful for the free access to almost all the books and papers I needed. Aside from translation issues, the main challenge was that Split is so old, that every building has been repurposed multiple times over the past 2000 years. If you look at the past two centuries alone, archeologists and conservationists have had a hard time deciding what to keep, wha to tear down and what to rebuild. I still don't have a full picture of the city's evolution, but I believe the balance of evidence tilts toward the existence of swallowtail merlons in the early 15th century:
[url=https://www.voynich.ninja/user-1286.html][/url]
1. Early 14th-century crest in the Old Town Hall showing the bell tower and the northern wall. This is perhaps the initial crest adopted in 1312 when the first town hall was completed. Cvito Fisković dated it on stylistic grounds and made a convincing case that it was restored after the original building burned down in 1420, and that it survived the partial demolition of the second structure in 1820.
Cvito Fisković - NAJSTARIJI KAMENI GRBOVI GRADA SPLITA (1936). You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view.
![[Image: COA_of_Split%2C_Croatia%2C_on_the_wall_o...museum.jpg]](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/COA_of_Split%2C_Croatia%2C_on_the_wall_of_Ethnographic_museum.jpg)
2. Mid-14th-century crest with the coat of arms of the Hungarian Anjou dynasty on a stone slab in the lapidarium of the Split Archaeological Museum. The same Cvito Fisković argued it was originally located on a public building, but was unable to identify which one.
![[Image: 2026-07-29-00h25-09.png]](https://i.postimg.cc/CLQM3FrW/2026-07-29-00h25-09.png)
3. A miniature from the Budapest manuscript of the Chronicle of Thomas the Archdeacon, folio 2r, shows the same view of the city, but with swallowtail merlons only on the corner towers, which I find similar to those in the Tempietto Longobardo. The Guelph merlons in the middle look exactly like the ones we can see today. The manuscript, commonly known as the Codex Traguriensis, is now held by the Széchényi National Library in Budapest (OSZK, Codices Latini medii aevi 440). It remained in the Archiepiscopal Library in Split until the 18th century, when Archbishop John Luke Garagnin transferred it to the Garagnin–Fanfogna family library in Trogir, whence the modern name. In 1903, Ivan Dominik Fanfogna sold it to the Hungarian historian Lajos Thallóczy for the library of the Society of St. Stephen (Szt. István Társulat) in Budapest. Some time later, under unknown circumstances, the manuscript came to the library of the Hungarian National Museum and from there to its present home. Historians disagree about the exact dating of the MS, but they all place it in the period between the late 1380s and the fifteenth century.
OLGA PERIĆ, DAMIR KARBIĆ, MIRJANA MATIJEVIĆ SOKOL, JAMES ROSS SWEENEY - History of the Bishops of Salona and Split (2006). You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view.
Ivan Ferenčak - DIPLOMSKI RAD. Iluminacije glagoljskih rukopisa prve četvrtine XV. stoljeća (2015)
You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view.
![[Image: 2026-07-29-00h30-32.png]](https://i.postimg.cc/YCvN7CrF/2026-07-29-00h30-32.png)
4. On the other hand, three miniatures from Hrvoje's missal of 1407 show regular merlons:
![[Image: 2026-07-29-00h51-04.png]](https://i.postimg.cc/CKqkXrhT/2026-07-29-00h51-04.png)
5. If I understand correctly, Katja Marasović's article on the south-eastern corner of the palace implies that the 14th-century walls with swallowtail battlements were integrated into the courtyard of the convent of St Clare, established in 1420 (13A). This was the same complex that now hosts the Ethnographic Museum.
Katja Marasović - Prostorni razvoj jugoistočnog dijela Dioklecijanove palače/Spatial Development of the Southeast Part of Diocletian's Palace (2000) You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view.
6. In 1420, the Republic of Venice took control of the city and built a castle outside the walls of the Diocletian Palace, on what is now the Voćni trg (Fruit Square). Today only a tower remains, the rest of the castle having been dismantled by Napoleon's forces. A 1549 painting of Saint Dominus with a model of the city shows the castle with Guelph merlons in the foreground.
![[Image: 2026-07-29-01h04-22.png]](https://i.postimg.cc/HLkbz0n0/2026-07-29-01h04-22.png)
7. A 1441-3 crest of the city with the Venetian coat of arms depicts only straight merlons:
![[Image: 2026-07-29-01h07-39.png]](https://i.postimg.cc/7hk6sD9d/2026-07-29-01h07-39.png)
8. A mid or late 15th-century coat of arms of the Petraka family shows a tower with three swallowtail merlons.
Radoslav Buzancic - PALAČA PJESNIKA MARKA MARuLIĆA U SPLITU/The Palace of the Poet Marko Marulić in Split (2012)
You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view.
![[Image: 2026-07-29-01h09-33.png]](https://i.postimg.cc/YqSkphvV/2026-07-29-01h09-33.png)
9. In the mid-15th century, the Venetians built new walls, which most likely had Guelph merlons. I believe these were built in front of the old walls, which were not destroyed.
10. In 1574, Giovanni Francesco Camocio published a map of Split in which the city had swallowtail merlons. The map was likely drawn by a native Dalmatian artist, like his other maps of Dalmatia, and the first edition may have been published in 1571.
![[Image: 7011453e30b4da6e7045be2f49b90580.jpg]](https://english.travelogues.gr/archive/fullsize/7011453e30b4da6e7045be2f49b90580.jpg)
11. In 1584, Antonio degli Oddi published a different map with swallowtail merlons. Unfortunately, I haven't been able to locate the entire volume.
![[Image: 1584-Angelo-degli-Oddi-Split.png]](https://i.postimg.cc/DysZVSHd/1584-Angelo-degli-Oddi-Split.png)
12. The walls of Split were rebuilt in 1573 and in the 1650s. By that point there were no swallowtail merlons left.
EDIT: references added
When igajkgko posted the merlons at the Ethnographic museum, I decided to finish my investigation into the city of Split, which I'd suspected might once have had swallowtail merlons. Dealing with Croatian materials was not an easy task, though I am eternally grateful for the free access to almost all the books and papers I needed. Aside from translation issues, the main challenge was that Split is so old, that every building has been repurposed multiple times over the past 2000 years. If you look at the past two centuries alone, archeologists and conservationists have had a hard time deciding what to keep, wha to tear down and what to rebuild. I still don't have a full picture of the city's evolution, but I believe the balance of evidence tilts toward the existence of swallowtail merlons in the early 15th century:
[url=https://www.voynich.ninja/user-1286.html][/url]
1. Early 14th-century crest in the Old Town Hall showing the bell tower and the northern wall. This is perhaps the initial crest adopted in 1312 when the first town hall was completed. Cvito Fisković dated it on stylistic grounds and made a convincing case that it was restored after the original building burned down in 1420, and that it survived the partial demolition of the second structure in 1820.
Cvito Fisković - NAJSTARIJI KAMENI GRBOVI GRADA SPLITA (1936). You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view.
![[Image: COA_of_Split%2C_Croatia%2C_on_the_wall_o...museum.jpg]](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/COA_of_Split%2C_Croatia%2C_on_the_wall_of_Ethnographic_museum.jpg)
2. Mid-14th-century crest with the coat of arms of the Hungarian Anjou dynasty on a stone slab in the lapidarium of the Split Archaeological Museum. The same Cvito Fisković argued it was originally located on a public building, but was unable to identify which one.
![[Image: 2026-07-29-00h25-09.png]](https://i.postimg.cc/CLQM3FrW/2026-07-29-00h25-09.png)
3. A miniature from the Budapest manuscript of the Chronicle of Thomas the Archdeacon, folio 2r, shows the same view of the city, but with swallowtail merlons only on the corner towers, which I find similar to those in the Tempietto Longobardo. The Guelph merlons in the middle look exactly like the ones we can see today. The manuscript, commonly known as the Codex Traguriensis, is now held by the Széchényi National Library in Budapest (OSZK, Codices Latini medii aevi 440). It remained in the Archiepiscopal Library in Split until the 18th century, when Archbishop John Luke Garagnin transferred it to the Garagnin–Fanfogna family library in Trogir, whence the modern name. In 1903, Ivan Dominik Fanfogna sold it to the Hungarian historian Lajos Thallóczy for the library of the Society of St. Stephen (Szt. István Társulat) in Budapest. Some time later, under unknown circumstances, the manuscript came to the library of the Hungarian National Museum and from there to its present home. Historians disagree about the exact dating of the MS, but they all place it in the period between the late 1380s and the fifteenth century.
OLGA PERIĆ, DAMIR KARBIĆ, MIRJANA MATIJEVIĆ SOKOL, JAMES ROSS SWEENEY - History of the Bishops of Salona and Split (2006). You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view.
Ivan Ferenčak - DIPLOMSKI RAD. Iluminacije glagoljskih rukopisa prve četvrtine XV. stoljeća (2015)
You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view.
![[Image: 2026-07-29-00h30-32.png]](https://i.postimg.cc/YCvN7CrF/2026-07-29-00h30-32.png)
4. On the other hand, three miniatures from Hrvoje's missal of 1407 show regular merlons:
![[Image: 2026-07-29-00h51-04.png]](https://i.postimg.cc/CKqkXrhT/2026-07-29-00h51-04.png)
5. If I understand correctly, Katja Marasović's article on the south-eastern corner of the palace implies that the 14th-century walls with swallowtail battlements were integrated into the courtyard of the convent of St Clare, established in 1420 (13A). This was the same complex that now hosts the Ethnographic Museum.
Katja Marasović - Prostorni razvoj jugoistočnog dijela Dioklecijanove palače/Spatial Development of the Southeast Part of Diocletian's Palace (2000) You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view.
6. In 1420, the Republic of Venice took control of the city and built a castle outside the walls of the Diocletian Palace, on what is now the Voćni trg (Fruit Square). Today only a tower remains, the rest of the castle having been dismantled by Napoleon's forces. A 1549 painting of Saint Dominus with a model of the city shows the castle with Guelph merlons in the foreground.
![[Image: 2026-07-29-01h04-22.png]](https://i.postimg.cc/HLkbz0n0/2026-07-29-01h04-22.png)
7. A 1441-3 crest of the city with the Venetian coat of arms depicts only straight merlons:
![[Image: 2026-07-29-01h07-39.png]](https://i.postimg.cc/7hk6sD9d/2026-07-29-01h07-39.png)
8. A mid or late 15th-century coat of arms of the Petraka family shows a tower with three swallowtail merlons.
Radoslav Buzancic - PALAČA PJESNIKA MARKA MARuLIĆA U SPLITU/The Palace of the Poet Marko Marulić in Split (2012)
You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view.
![[Image: 2026-07-29-01h09-33.png]](https://i.postimg.cc/YqSkphvV/2026-07-29-01h09-33.png)
9. In the mid-15th century, the Venetians built new walls, which most likely had Guelph merlons. I believe these were built in front of the old walls, which were not destroyed.
10. In 1574, Giovanni Francesco Camocio published a map of Split in which the city had swallowtail merlons. The map was likely drawn by a native Dalmatian artist, like his other maps of Dalmatia, and the first edition may have been published in 1571.
![[Image: 7011453e30b4da6e7045be2f49b90580.jpg]](https://english.travelogues.gr/archive/fullsize/7011453e30b4da6e7045be2f49b90580.jpg)
11. In 1584, Antonio degli Oddi published a different map with swallowtail merlons. Unfortunately, I haven't been able to locate the entire volume.
![[Image: 1584-Angelo-degli-Oddi-Split.png]](https://i.postimg.cc/DysZVSHd/1584-Angelo-degli-Oddi-Split.png)
12. The walls of Split were rebuilt in 1573 and in the 1650s. By that point there were no swallowtail merlons left.
EDIT: references added



![[+]](https://www.voynich.ninja/images/collapse_collapsed.png)