f18v...Dioscorides...something about those leaves

[Bernd]

You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view. is definitely Smilax aspera, it is also marked as such on the page. A well-made and botanically more or less correct drawing. Heart-shaped alternate leaves with parallel venation and spiny margins and the zig-zagging spiny stem and tendrils at the base of the petiole.
You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view. is the corresponding Smilax illustration in the Morgan Dioscorides Very similar including the crossed stems. Curiously both lack a distinct root.

   

   

Regarding VM You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view., You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view., You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view., I am not sure if they are meant to depict Smilax. An alternative would be You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view.. It has a different leaf shape though and also alternate leaves whereas You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view. VM has opposite leaves The other two have alternate leaves.
You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view. - clearly Bryonia dioica with red berries
You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view. Bryonia alba with black berries
You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view. Bryonia without fruit

   

I haven't looked into the Vienna Dioscorides yet. Rene is right, one would assume there should be literature about the Dioscorides copies and other prominent herbals. I lack the time to do research on this at the moment.