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[Jorge_Stolfi]

But what about when labels have the same word attached to distinct and quite different images

There aren't many such cases, are there? 

People often use the same name for different things.  Cancer in Latin could be a crab, a tumor, or a Zodiac constellation. The 28 Mansions (Lunar constellations) of the Chinese include  亢 kàng = "neck", 心 xīn = "heart", 胃 wèi = "stomach", and more...

The repeated labels could also be

• generic words like "tube", "reservoir", "dim", "bone", ...
  
• qualifiers like "big" and "little", "left" and "right", "upper" and "lower", ...
  
• misspellings of similar names, like  "Hydrus"/"Hydra", "adductor"/"abductor" 
  
• ordinal numbers, like "二" for 河鼓二 = "constellation River Drum star 2" = Altair