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[MarcoP]

Thanks, Marco! This is a very weird and messy diagram indeed. A joculator and no bears?

Imagine if the Voynich star diagrams are like this and then people basing their whole Theory on the labels.

Hi Koen,
Voynich-wise, the diagram at least points out that most of the labels are simple variants of the ordinary Latin names for the constellations. Some of the problems are:

• The North-South position (Declination) of the constellations appears to be ignored. I highlighted in green all Southern constellations, hoping that they would align near the center or the border of the diagram, but this is not the case.
  
• Some German labels are mixed with the Latin ones.
  
• As you say, some constellations are missing and others are unusual.
  

   

Going for an exact match of positions with any Voynich diagram seems hopeless, since the Voynich diagram could be similarly inaccurate. At most, one could consider only positions with respect to zodiac signs (e.g. Serpentarius, Cygnus, Andromeda, Perseus and  Agitator appear in the correct order). But possibly the safest approach would be just trying to match the set of labels, ignoring all positions.

I highlighted in red the rectangle formed by Cygnus (the Swan), Delphinus, Volucris (the Bird), Lyra. If one interprets Volucris as Aquila (the Eagle), a vaguely similar shape can be recognized in the Karlsruhe diagram.

Finally, a picture of a celestial globe shows how the Milky way connects Agitator with Canis Maior and Navis. As I wrote above, I speculate that this could be the meaning of the red line going downward from Agitator in the Karlsruhe diagram (but I have no idea why only this segment of the Milky Way should have been drawn).