Mapping Voynich connections through rare tokens

[quimqu]

The text contains almost no repeated phrases. Tiltman (1967), D'Imperio (1978), and Reddy & Knight (2011) all noted that sequences of three or more words virtually never repeat. Any meaningful text — descriptions of plants, recipes, instructions — produces repeated phrases ("take the root of," "boil in water," "apply to the"). The VMS doesn't.

Hello Torsten,

this suprised me much. I run a short script and found:

BIGRAMS
-------
Repeated bigrams: 2651
Repeated >2: 1032
Repeated >5: 254

Cross-section >=2: 1781
Cross-section >=3: 419
Cross-section >=4: 130

TRIGRAMS
--------
Repeated trigrams: 197
Repeated >2: 28
Repeated >5: 0

Cross-section >=2: 83
Cross-section >=3: 3
Cross-section >=4: 2

QUATRIGRAMS
-----------
Repeated quatrigrams: 22
Repeated >2: 11
Repeated >5: 0

Cross-section >=2: 0
Cross-section >=3: 0
Cross-section >=4: 0

(Igrouped the paragraphs as a single line and checked for ngrams in paragraphs, labels and single lines)

And here their distribution when they get cross section: