05-09-2025, 06:17 PM
(04-09-2025, 02:00 PM)Jorge_Stolfi wrote: You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view.These are the most common two- and three- word sentences in the Herbal section of Culpeper's Herbal (17th century English). Here is the same for the novel I Promessi Sposi (modern Italian). And here is the same for the Vulgate Genesis (Latin)
For comparison, here are the analogous lists for a Chinese text. The source is a set of transcripts of the Voice of America radio broadcasts in Mandarin Chinese, 1996-1998. As before, for each N in {2,3,4}, the first 10'000 N-phrases (sequences of N consecutive words) were extracted, then the occurrences of each distinct N-phrase were counted, and the top 20 entries for each N were listed. Here "word" means a single Chinese letter (= syllable). Punctuation was ignored, but phrases spanning parag breaks were excluded.
The Chinese letters in the original file were represented in the old GB2312 encoding. They were transcoded to Unicode by a Linux utility (autogb). The Pinyin and English equivalents were obtained through Google Translate. They are very approximate since the N-phrases often contain only half of a two-character (two-syllable) compound word, whose meaning may be quite unrelated to that of its individual characters.
N = 2:
191 中.国 | Zhōngguó | China.
115 美.国 | Měiguó | US.
61 台.湾 | Táiwān | Taiwan.
41 报.道 | Bàodào | Report.
40 日.本 | Rìběn | Japan.
38 表.示 | Biǎoshì | Said.
36 国.的 | Guó.de | Chinese.
33 政.府 | Zhèngfǔ | Government.
27 关.系 | Guānxì | Relations.
27 问.题 | Wèntí | Issue.
24 制.裁 | Zhìcái | Sanctions.
24 星.期 | Xīngqí | This week.
23 但.是 | Dànshì | However.
23 钓.鱼 | Diàoyú | Diaoyu.
23 鱼.岛 | Yú.dǎo | Islands.
22 记.者 | Jìzhě | Reporter.
21 北.京 | Běijīng | Beijing.
21 国.家 | Guójiā | National.
21 国.政 | Guózhèng | State.
21 进.行 | Jìnxíng | Proceed.
N = 3:
24 钓.鱼.岛 | Diàoyúdǎo | Diaoyu Islands.
20 中.国.的 | Zhōngguó.de | China.
19 国.政.府 | Guó.zhèngfǔ | Government.
18 李.登.辉 | Lǐdēnghuī | Lee Teng-hui.
18 的.报.道 | De.bàodào | Report.
16 中.国.政 | Zhōngguó.zhèng | Chinese.
16 国.之.音 | Guózhī.yīn | Voice of.
16 美.国.之 | Měiguózhī | America.
14 发.言.人 | Fāyán.rén | A spokesperson.
14 对.中.国 | Duì.zhōngguó | On the China.
14 问.题.上 | Wèntí.shàng | Question question.
13 中.国.外 | Zhōngguó.wài | China.
13 台.湾.的 | Táiwān.de | Taiwan.
13 外.交.部 | Wàijiāo.bù | Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
13 报.道.说 | Bàodào.shuō | Report.
13 的.时.候 | De.shíhòu | When.
12 位.听.众 | Wèi.tīngzhòng | Listeners.
12 各.位.听 | Gèwèi.tīng | Listen.
12 说.中.国 | Shuō.zhōngguó | Talking about Chinese.
12 领.导.人 | Lǐngdǎo.rén | Leaders.
N = 4:
16 美.国.之.音 | Měiguó.zhī.yīn | Voice of America.
14 中.国.政.府 | Zhōngguó.zhèngfǔ | Chinese government.
13 各.位.听.众 | Gèwèi.tīngzhòng | Listeners.
10 下.面.请.听 | Xiàmiàn.qǐng.tīng | Now, please listen.
10 两.岸.关.系 | Liǎng'àn.guānxì | Cross-strait relations.
10 之.音.记.者 | Zhī.yīn.jìzhě | Voice of America reporter.
10 听.美.国.之 | Tīng.měiguó.zhī | Listen to America.
10 国.之.音.记 | Guó.zhī.yīn.jì | Voice of America reporter.
10 请.听.美.国 | Qǐng.tīng.měiguó | Please listen to America.
10 面.请.听.美 | Miàn.qǐng.tīng.měi | Please listen to America.
9 中.国.外.交 | Zhōngguó.wàijiāo | Chinese Foreign Ministry.
9 国.外.交.部 | Guó.wàijiāo.bù | Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
9 外.交.部.发 | Wàijiāo.bù.fā | Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
8 中.国.大.陆 | Zhōngguó.dàlù | Mainland China.
8 交.部.发.言 | Jiāo.bù.fāyán | Ministry of Foreign Affairs statement.
8 部.发.言.人 | Bù.fāyán.rén | Ministry spokesperson.
7 发.来.的.报 | Fā.lái.de.bào | Report from.
7 李.登.辉.的 | Lǐdēnghuī.de | Lee Teng-hui.
7 来.的.报.道 | Lái.de.bàodào | Report from.
6 出.口.银.行 | Chūkǒu.yínháng | Export-Import Bank.
I will comment on these results in the next post.

