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		<title><![CDATA[The Voynich Ninja - Approved blocks]]></title>
		<link>https://www.voynich.ninja/</link>
		<description><![CDATA[The Voynich Ninja - https://www.voynich.ninja]]></description>
		<pubDate>Sun, 03 May 2026 09:17:04 +0000</pubDate>
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		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[There are 131 large plant folios in the Voynich Manuscript]]></title>
			<link>https://www.voynich.ninja/thread-2156.html</link>
			<pubDate>Thu, 26 Oct 2017 08:37:28 +0000</pubDate>
			<dc:creator><![CDATA[<a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=profile&uid=34">VViews</a>]]></dc:creator>
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			<description><![CDATA[There are 129 full-page plant illustration pages, aka Large Plant pages) in the Voynich Manuscript.<br />
<br />
These are as follows:<br />
Quire 1-7:<br />
on f1v-56v (109 illustrations, f12 is missing)<br />
Quire 8:<br />
on 57r, 65r &amp; v, 66v (4 illustrations)<br />
Quire 15:<br />
on 87r &amp; v; 90r1, r2, v1, v2 (6 illustrations)<br />
Quire 17:<br />
on 93r-96v (10 illustrations)<br />
<br />
Among these, there are a few instances where two plants are depicted on a single page.<br />
These are:<br />
f27r, f40v, f42r, f43v, f87v.<br />
There is also the ambiguous f35v, which could be two plants, or one.<br />
Another way of looking at this total then, is to say there are 134 large plants depicted in the Voynich Manuscript (or 135 if we count You are not allowed to view links. <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=register">Register</a> or <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=login">Login</a> to view. as two plants).<br />
But it is unclear to me whether some of these pages that show two plants are meant to depict two stages of growth of the same plant or two distinct plants.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[There are 129 full-page plant illustration pages, aka Large Plant pages) in the Voynich Manuscript.<br />
<br />
These are as follows:<br />
Quire 1-7:<br />
on f1v-56v (109 illustrations, f12 is missing)<br />
Quire 8:<br />
on 57r, 65r &amp; v, 66v (4 illustrations)<br />
Quire 15:<br />
on 87r &amp; v; 90r1, r2, v1, v2 (6 illustrations)<br />
Quire 17:<br />
on 93r-96v (10 illustrations)<br />
<br />
Among these, there are a few instances where two plants are depicted on a single page.<br />
These are:<br />
f27r, f40v, f42r, f43v, f87v.<br />
There is also the ambiguous f35v, which could be two plants, or one.<br />
Another way of looking at this total then, is to say there are 134 large plants depicted in the Voynich Manuscript (or 135 if we count You are not allowed to view links. <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=register">Register</a> or <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=login">Login</a> to view. as two plants).<br />
But it is unclear to me whether some of these pages that show two plants are meant to depict two stages of growth of the same plant or two distinct plants.]]></content:encoded>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[There are 324 stars in Q20]]></title>
			<link>https://www.voynich.ninja/thread-2155.html</link>
			<pubDate>Thu, 26 Oct 2017 06:34:10 +0000</pubDate>
			<dc:creator><![CDATA[<a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=profile&uid=34">VViews</a>]]></dc:creator>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.voynich.ninja/thread-2155.html</guid>
			<description><![CDATA[The text only section in Q20 features 324 stars in the margins.<br />
The breakdown per folio is the following - 1st number: total stars per folio - 2nd and 3rd numbers in parentheses: number of these stars  to which red paint has been applied (fully red stars/red center only):<br />
<br />
103r: 19 (7/0)<br />
103v: 14 (0/7)<br />
104r: 13 (5/2)<br />
104v: 13 (0/7)<br />
105r: 10 (0/6)<br />
105v: 10 (0/5)<br />
106r: 16 (0/8)<br />
106v: 14 (0/7)<br />
107r: 15 (0/8)<br />
107v: 15 (0/8)<br />
108r: 16 (5/0)<br />
108v: 16 (0/8)<br />
109-110 missing<br />
111r: 17 (0/9)<br />
111v: 19 (0/10)<br />
112r: 12 (0/6)<br />
112v: 13 (0/7)<br />
113r: 16 (0/8)<br />
113v: 15 (0/8)<br />
114r: 13 (0/7)<br />
114v: 12 (0/6)<br />
115r: 13 (0/7)<br />
115v: 13 (0/7)<br />
116r: 10 (0/5)<br />
<br />
<br />
Total stars: 324<br />
Total stars to which red paint has been applied: 163 (17/146)]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[The text only section in Q20 features 324 stars in the margins.<br />
The breakdown per folio is the following - 1st number: total stars per folio - 2nd and 3rd numbers in parentheses: number of these stars  to which red paint has been applied (fully red stars/red center only):<br />
<br />
103r: 19 (7/0)<br />
103v: 14 (0/7)<br />
104r: 13 (5/2)<br />
104v: 13 (0/7)<br />
105r: 10 (0/6)<br />
105v: 10 (0/5)<br />
106r: 16 (0/8)<br />
106v: 14 (0/7)<br />
107r: 15 (0/8)<br />
107v: 15 (0/8)<br />
108r: 16 (5/0)<br />
108v: 16 (0/8)<br />
109-110 missing<br />
111r: 17 (0/9)<br />
111v: 19 (0/10)<br />
112r: 12 (0/6)<br />
112v: 13 (0/7)<br />
113r: 16 (0/8)<br />
113v: 15 (0/8)<br />
114r: 13 (0/7)<br />
114v: 12 (0/6)<br />
115r: 13 (0/7)<br />
115v: 13 (0/7)<br />
116r: 10 (0/5)<br />
<br />
<br />
Total stars: 324<br />
Total stars to which red paint has been applied: 163 (17/146)]]></content:encoded>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[There are 45 containers in the Small Plants section]]></title>
			<link>https://www.voynich.ninja/thread-2154.html</link>
			<pubDate>Thu, 26 Oct 2017 06:18:56 +0000</pubDate>
			<dc:creator><![CDATA[<a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=profile&uid=34">VViews</a>]]></dc:creator>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.voynich.ninja/thread-2154.html</guid>
			<description><![CDATA[The Small Plants section, actually composed of two groups of folios (88r-99r1 and 99r-102v1) features a total of 45 containers.<br />
The breakdown of containers and nearby items is the following:<br />
<br />
88r<br />
1) 5 items<br />
2) 4 items<br />
3) 3 items<br />
<br />
88v-r2<br />
1) 4 items<br />
2) 3 items<br />
3) 3 items<br />
4) 4 items<br />
5) 3 items<br />
6) 3 items<br />
7) 4 items<br />
8) 2 items<br />
9) 6 items<br />
10) 4 items<br />
<br />
89v2<br />
1) 5 items<br />
2) 3 items<br />
3) 4 items<br />
<br />
89v1<br />
1) 3 items<br />
2) 3 items<br />
<br />
99r<br />
1) 12 items<br />
2) 7 items<br />
3) 7 items<br />
4) 1 item<br />
<br />
99v<br />
1) 9 items<br />
2) 6 items<br />
<br />
3) 5 items<br />
4) 1 item<br />
<br />
100r <br />
1) 11 items<br />
2) 5 items<br />
<br />
<br />
100v-101r2<br />
1) 13 items<br />
2)10 items<br />
3) 10 items<br />
4) 9 items<br />
<br />
101v2 <br />
1) 9 items<br />
2) 9 items<br />
3) 10 items<br />
<br />
101v1-102r2<br />
1) 1 item<br />
2) 1item<br />
3) 2 items<br />
4) 3 items (or 2 +frog)<br />
5) 5 items<br />
6) 2 items<br />
<br />
102v2<br />
1) 14 items (or 13 + cube)<br />
2) 5 items<br />
<br />
102v1<br />
1) 5 items<br />
2) 3 items]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[The Small Plants section, actually composed of two groups of folios (88r-99r1 and 99r-102v1) features a total of 45 containers.<br />
The breakdown of containers and nearby items is the following:<br />
<br />
88r<br />
1) 5 items<br />
2) 4 items<br />
3) 3 items<br />
<br />
88v-r2<br />
1) 4 items<br />
2) 3 items<br />
3) 3 items<br />
4) 4 items<br />
5) 3 items<br />
6) 3 items<br />
7) 4 items<br />
8) 2 items<br />
9) 6 items<br />
10) 4 items<br />
<br />
89v2<br />
1) 5 items<br />
2) 3 items<br />
3) 4 items<br />
<br />
89v1<br />
1) 3 items<br />
2) 3 items<br />
<br />
99r<br />
1) 12 items<br />
2) 7 items<br />
3) 7 items<br />
4) 1 item<br />
<br />
99v<br />
1) 9 items<br />
2) 6 items<br />
<br />
3) 5 items<br />
4) 1 item<br />
<br />
100r <br />
1) 11 items<br />
2) 5 items<br />
<br />
<br />
100v-101r2<br />
1) 13 items<br />
2)10 items<br />
3) 10 items<br />
4) 9 items<br />
<br />
101v2 <br />
1) 9 items<br />
2) 9 items<br />
3) 10 items<br />
<br />
101v1-102r2<br />
1) 1 item<br />
2) 1item<br />
3) 2 items<br />
4) 3 items (or 2 +frog)<br />
5) 5 items<br />
6) 2 items<br />
<br />
102v2<br />
1) 14 items (or 13 + cube)<br />
2) 5 items<br />
<br />
102v1<br />
1) 5 items<br />
2) 3 items]]></content:encoded>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Roots of plants in f33r, f89r1, f101v2 include depictions of anthropomorphic heads]]></title>
			<link>https://www.voynich.ninja/thread-1069.html</link>
			<pubDate>Fri, 11 Nov 2016 14:43:29 +0000</pubDate>
			<dc:creator><![CDATA[<a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=profile&uid=41">MarcoP</a>]]></dc:creator>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.voynich.ninja/thread-1069.html</guid>
			<description><![CDATA[1) The roots of the plant in You are not allowed to view links. <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=register">Register</a> or <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=login">Login</a> to view. include depictions of two You are not allowed to view links. <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=register">Register</a> or <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=login">Login</a> to view. heads.<br />
2) The roots of the second plant of the bottom row  of You are not allowed to view links. <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=register">Register</a> or <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=login">Login</a> to view.  include depictions of five anthropomorphic heads.<br />
3) The roots of the fourth plant of the bottom row of You are not allowed to view links. <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=register">Register</a> or <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=login">Login</a> to view.  include the depiction of an anthropomorphic head.<br />
<br />
[This thread follows You are not allowed to view links. <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=register">Register</a> or <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=login">Login</a> to view.. Trying to accommodate the suggestions of Anton, David et al.]<br />
<br />
<img src="https://www.voynich.ninja/images/attachtypes/image.png" title="JPG Image" border="0" alt=".jpg" />
&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="attachment.php?aid=904" target="_blank" title="">33r.jpg</a> (Size: 91.73 KB / Downloads: 51)
<br />
<br />
<img src="https://www.voynich.ninja/images/attachtypes/image.png" title="JPG Image" border="0" alt=".jpg" />
&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="attachment.php?aid=905" target="_blank" title="">f89r1.jpg</a> (Size: 51.52 KB / Downloads: 74)
<br />
<br />
<img src="https://www.voynich.ninja/images/attachtypes/image.png" title="JPG Image" border="0" alt=".jpg" />
&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="attachment.php?aid=906" target="_blank" title="">f101v2.jpg</a> (Size: 25.06 KB / Downloads: 62)
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[1) The roots of the plant in You are not allowed to view links. <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=register">Register</a> or <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=login">Login</a> to view. include depictions of two You are not allowed to view links. <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=register">Register</a> or <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=login">Login</a> to view. heads.<br />
2) The roots of the second plant of the bottom row  of You are not allowed to view links. <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=register">Register</a> or <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=login">Login</a> to view.  include depictions of five anthropomorphic heads.<br />
3) The roots of the fourth plant of the bottom row of You are not allowed to view links. <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=register">Register</a> or <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=login">Login</a> to view.  include the depiction of an anthropomorphic head.<br />
<br />
[This thread follows You are not allowed to view links. <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=register">Register</a> or <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=login">Login</a> to view.. Trying to accommodate the suggestions of Anton, David et al.]<br />
<br />
<img src="https://www.voynich.ninja/images/attachtypes/image.png" title="JPG Image" border="0" alt=".jpg" />
&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="attachment.php?aid=904" target="_blank" title="">33r.jpg</a> (Size: 91.73 KB / Downloads: 51)
<br />
<br />
<img src="https://www.voynich.ninja/images/attachtypes/image.png" title="JPG Image" border="0" alt=".jpg" />
&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="attachment.php?aid=905" target="_blank" title="">f89r1.jpg</a> (Size: 51.52 KB / Downloads: 74)
<br />
<br />
<img src="https://www.voynich.ninja/images/attachtypes/image.png" title="JPG Image" border="0" alt=".jpg" />
&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="attachment.php?aid=906" target="_blank" title="">f101v2.jpg</a> (Size: 25.06 KB / Downloads: 62)
]]></content:encoded>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[The VMS is an illustrated manuscript handwritten in an unknown writing system]]></title>
			<link>https://www.voynich.ninja/thread-977.html</link>
			<pubDate>Wed, 26 Oct 2016 21:56:18 +0000</pubDate>
			<dc:creator><![CDATA[<a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=profile&uid=5">Anton</a>]]></dc:creator>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.voynich.ninja/thread-977.html</guid>
			<description><![CDATA[From the beginning, the VMBOK initiative at once went into some quite specific statements about imagery, text et cetera. I would like to pay attention to some generic introductory statements which are also needed. So one of these is (partly adopted from Wikipedia):<br />
<br />
<span style="font-weight: bold;" class="mycode_b">Statement [<span style="color: #ff3366;" class="mycode_color">UPD Nov 2, 2016</span>]</span><br />
<ul class="mycode_list"><li>The Voynich Manuscript is a manuscript handwritten in an unknown writing system and containing numerous images.<br />
</li>
</ul>
<span style="font-weight: bold;" class="mycode_b">Explanation</span><br />
<br />
As opposed to Wikipedia, I chose "manuscript" vs "codex", because IMO there's not enough evidence that it was really meant to be a codex.<br />
<br />
"Handwritten" may seem excessive, since the word "manuscript" implies this, but nowadays the word "manuscript" often designates something not literally handwritten (e.g. "to submit a manuscript to a journal"). So "handwritten" would not harm.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[From the beginning, the VMBOK initiative at once went into some quite specific statements about imagery, text et cetera. I would like to pay attention to some generic introductory statements which are also needed. So one of these is (partly adopted from Wikipedia):<br />
<br />
<span style="font-weight: bold;" class="mycode_b">Statement [<span style="color: #ff3366;" class="mycode_color">UPD Nov 2, 2016</span>]</span><br />
<ul class="mycode_list"><li>The Voynich Manuscript is a manuscript handwritten in an unknown writing system and containing numerous images.<br />
</li>
</ul>
<span style="font-weight: bold;" class="mycode_b">Explanation</span><br />
<br />
As opposed to Wikipedia, I chose "manuscript" vs "codex", because IMO there's not enough evidence that it was really meant to be a codex.<br />
<br />
"Handwritten" may seem excessive, since the word "manuscript" implies this, but nowadays the word "manuscript" often designates something not literally handwritten (e.g. "to submit a manuscript to a journal"). So "handwritten" would not harm.]]></content:encoded>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[No other document written in Voynichese script has been found up to date]]></title>
			<link>https://www.voynich.ninja/thread-972.html</link>
			<pubDate>Wed, 26 Oct 2016 01:22:03 +0000</pubDate>
			<dc:creator><![CDATA[<a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=profile&uid=94">ThomasCoon</a>]]></dc:creator>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.voynich.ninja/thread-972.html</guid>
			<description><![CDATA[<span style="font-weight: bold;" class="mycode_b">Statement</span><ul class="mycode_list"><li>No other document written in Voynichese script has been found up to date<br />
</li>
</ul>
<span style="font-weight: bold;" class="mycode_b">Explanation</span><br />
<br />
The glyphs of Beinecke MS 408 have not been found <span style="font-style: italic;" class="mycode_i">in totality</span> in any other work. Certain signs and combinations of signs, such as <span style="font-family: Eva;" class="mycode_font">qo</span> and <span style="font-family: Eva;" class="mycode_font">y</span>, are found in contemporaneous documents. However, to our knowledge no other document contains <span style="font-weight: bold;" class="mycode_b">all</span> of the signs of the Voynich script (or "alphabet"), and there are no other existing examples of Voynichese writing. <br />
<br />
<span style="font-weight: bold;" class="mycode_b">Notes</span><br />
<ol type="1" class="mycode_list"><li>10/26/16: Changed the statement to include "has not been found" and "glyphs"<br />
</li>
<li>10/26/16: Rewrote the statement according to Anton's phrasing: no other document written in Voynichese script has been found up to date.<br />
</li>
</ol>
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<span style="font-weight: bold;" class="mycode_b">Statement</span><ul class="mycode_list"><li>No other document written in Voynichese script has been found up to date<br />
</li>
</ul>
<span style="font-weight: bold;" class="mycode_b">Explanation</span><br />
<br />
The glyphs of Beinecke MS 408 have not been found <span style="font-style: italic;" class="mycode_i">in totality</span> in any other work. Certain signs and combinations of signs, such as <span style="font-family: Eva;" class="mycode_font">qo</span> and <span style="font-family: Eva;" class="mycode_font">y</span>, are found in contemporaneous documents. However, to our knowledge no other document contains <span style="font-weight: bold;" class="mycode_b">all</span> of the signs of the Voynich script (or "alphabet"), and there are no other existing examples of Voynichese writing. <br />
<br />
<span style="font-weight: bold;" class="mycode_b">Notes</span><br />
<ol type="1" class="mycode_list"><li>10/26/16: Changed the statement to include "has not been found" and "glyphs"<br />
</li>
<li>10/26/16: Rewrote the statement according to Anton's phrasing: no other document written in Voynichese script has been found up to date.<br />
</li>
</ol>
]]></content:encoded>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[The predictability of glyphs in labels agrees with that of vords]]></title>
			<link>https://www.voynich.ninja/thread-833.html</link>
			<pubDate>Tue, 04 Oct 2016 20:19:37 +0000</pubDate>
			<dc:creator><![CDATA[<a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=profile&uid=7">david</a>]]></dc:creator>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.voynich.ninja/thread-833.html</guid>
			<description><![CDATA[<span style="font-weight: bold;" class="mycode_b">Statement</span><ul class="mycode_list"><li>The predictability of glyph placement within label vords is in concordance with that of vords in the main corpus<br />
</li>
</ul>
<span style="font-weight: bold;" class="mycode_b">Explanation</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-style: italic;" class="mycode_i">Some vords appear as "labels", single or double vords apparently identifying images within the manuscript. These labels have the same grammar as those vords in the main body of the corpus.</span><br />
<br />
The text of the manuscript is divided up into clearly defined word-like glyph groups (dubbed vords on this forum). These glyph groups have a non-trivial internal structure which is manifest in the severe restrictions imposed upon the positioning of glyphs within the word groups.<br />
In other words, Voynichese has a very strict phototactic structure – morphemes appear in predefined places within vords, and only there.  <br />
<br />
A morpheme is the smallest grammatical unit in a language.<br />
Morphemes in the corpus are easily identifiable. Voynichese glyph combinations are very positional aware within vords  –  glyph groups are non-trivial in their internal positioning. We <span style="font-style: italic;" class="mycode_i">can</span> identify, and <span style="font-style: italic;" class="mycode_i">have</span> identified, a long list of suffixes and prefixes within Voynichese. We know that certain glyphs only appear as suffixes; we know that certain glyphs only appear as prefixes; and we know that other glyphs are free form. We have also identified (via the CLS theorem) that glyphs appear in a certain pattern.<br />
We assume these are bound morphemes because they obey certain rules of positioning. (We can make no assumptions about words that do not include such bound morphemes as we are unable to identify a meaning for such unbound morphemes, but such vords are relatively few in nature).<br />
<br />
And analysis of the labels (see links below) show that the corpus of labels has a notable level of concordance with the morpheme placement of vords in the main corpus.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-weight: bold;" class="mycode_b">Further reading</span><ul class="mycode_list"><li>You are not allowed to view links. <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=register">Register</a> or <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=login">Login</a> to view. MarcoP on the Voynich.Ninja. <br />
</li>
</ul>
<blockquote class="mycode_quote"><cite>Quote:</cite><span style="font-weight: bold;" class="mycode_b">Summary: </span>Marco found that almost 70% of all labels matched words in the main corpus. The rest were unique.</blockquote>
<ul class="mycode_list"><li>VMS language DNA variations. Davidsch<br />
</li>
</ul>
<blockquote class="mycode_quote"><cite>Quote:</cite>My research shows visually that the labels, as defined, <br />
 follow the same rules for the letters in the remainder of the text that are not labels, with some exceptions:<br />
<ul class="mycode_list"><li><span style="font-size: small;" class="mycode_size">'a' occurs proportionally more in the "label text"</span><br />
 <br />
</li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;" class="mycode_size">the 'q'  (only posA) occurs much lesser in the "label text"</span><br />
 <br />
</li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;" class="mycode_size">the 'h' occurs much lesser in the "label text"</span><br />
 <br />
</li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;" class="mycode_size">the 't'  on posB is higher in the "label text"</span><br />
 <br />
</li>
</ul>
You can check by You are not allowed to view links. <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=register">Register</a> or <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=login">Login</a> to view. "CAB NST" &amp;  "CAB labels only". </blockquote>
<ul class="mycode_list"><li>You are not allowed to view links. <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=register">Register</a> or <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=login">Login</a> to view.. Prof. Stolfi<br />
</li>
</ul>
Stolfi notes [You are not allowed to view links. <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=register">Register</a> or <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=login">Login</a> to view.] when attempting to create a "grammar" for Voynichese that (italics mine):<br />
<blockquote class="mycode_quote"><cite>Quote:</cite>It should be noted that that normal words [<span style="font-style: italic;" class="mycode_i">in his attempt to create a grammar</span>] account for over 88% of all label tokens, and over 96.5% of all the tokens (word instances) in the text. The exceptions (less than 4 every 100 text words) can be ascribed to several causes, including physical "noise" and transcription errors. (Different people transcribing the same page often disagree on their reading, with roughly that same frequency.). Indeed, most "abnormal" words are still quite similar to normal words, as discussed in a You are not allowed to view links. <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=register">Register</a> or <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=login">Login</a> to view..<br />
[..]<br />
The words that do not fit into our paradigm [..] These words comprise 1295 tokens (3.7%) in the main text, and 127 tokens (12.4%) in the labels. The vast majority are rare words that occur only once in the whole manuscript.</blockquote><ul class="mycode_list"><li>TheYou are not allowed to view links. <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=register">Register</a> or <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=login">Login</a> to view. by Brian Cham and David Jackson describes how Voynich glyphs can be divided into three categories that interact with one another in a pre-defined manner.<br />
</li>
</ul>
<span style="font-weight: bold;" class="mycode_b">Notes</span><br />
<ol type="1" class="mycode_list"><li>Statement changed from "The morpheme construction of labels is in concordance with that of the main corpus"<br />
</li>
<li>Added Davidsch to further reading<br />
</li>
</ol>
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<span style="font-weight: bold;" class="mycode_b">Statement</span><ul class="mycode_list"><li>The predictability of glyph placement within label vords is in concordance with that of vords in the main corpus<br />
</li>
</ul>
<span style="font-weight: bold;" class="mycode_b">Explanation</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-style: italic;" class="mycode_i">Some vords appear as "labels", single or double vords apparently identifying images within the manuscript. These labels have the same grammar as those vords in the main body of the corpus.</span><br />
<br />
The text of the manuscript is divided up into clearly defined word-like glyph groups (dubbed vords on this forum). These glyph groups have a non-trivial internal structure which is manifest in the severe restrictions imposed upon the positioning of glyphs within the word groups.<br />
In other words, Voynichese has a very strict phototactic structure – morphemes appear in predefined places within vords, and only there.  <br />
<br />
A morpheme is the smallest grammatical unit in a language.<br />
Morphemes in the corpus are easily identifiable. Voynichese glyph combinations are very positional aware within vords  –  glyph groups are non-trivial in their internal positioning. We <span style="font-style: italic;" class="mycode_i">can</span> identify, and <span style="font-style: italic;" class="mycode_i">have</span> identified, a long list of suffixes and prefixes within Voynichese. We know that certain glyphs only appear as suffixes; we know that certain glyphs only appear as prefixes; and we know that other glyphs are free form. We have also identified (via the CLS theorem) that glyphs appear in a certain pattern.<br />
We assume these are bound morphemes because they obey certain rules of positioning. (We can make no assumptions about words that do not include such bound morphemes as we are unable to identify a meaning for such unbound morphemes, but such vords are relatively few in nature).<br />
<br />
And analysis of the labels (see links below) show that the corpus of labels has a notable level of concordance with the morpheme placement of vords in the main corpus.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-weight: bold;" class="mycode_b">Further reading</span><ul class="mycode_list"><li>You are not allowed to view links. <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=register">Register</a> or <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=login">Login</a> to view. MarcoP on the Voynich.Ninja. <br />
</li>
</ul>
<blockquote class="mycode_quote"><cite>Quote:</cite><span style="font-weight: bold;" class="mycode_b">Summary: </span>Marco found that almost 70% of all labels matched words in the main corpus. The rest were unique.</blockquote>
<ul class="mycode_list"><li>VMS language DNA variations. Davidsch<br />
</li>
</ul>
<blockquote class="mycode_quote"><cite>Quote:</cite>My research shows visually that the labels, as defined, <br />
 follow the same rules for the letters in the remainder of the text that are not labels, with some exceptions:<br />
<ul class="mycode_list"><li><span style="font-size: small;" class="mycode_size">'a' occurs proportionally more in the "label text"</span><br />
 <br />
</li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;" class="mycode_size">the 'q'  (only posA) occurs much lesser in the "label text"</span><br />
 <br />
</li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;" class="mycode_size">the 'h' occurs much lesser in the "label text"</span><br />
 <br />
</li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;" class="mycode_size">the 't'  on posB is higher in the "label text"</span><br />
 <br />
</li>
</ul>
You can check by You are not allowed to view links. <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=register">Register</a> or <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=login">Login</a> to view. "CAB NST" &amp;  "CAB labels only". </blockquote>
<ul class="mycode_list"><li>You are not allowed to view links. <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=register">Register</a> or <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=login">Login</a> to view.. Prof. Stolfi<br />
</li>
</ul>
Stolfi notes [You are not allowed to view links. <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=register">Register</a> or <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=login">Login</a> to view.] when attempting to create a "grammar" for Voynichese that (italics mine):<br />
<blockquote class="mycode_quote"><cite>Quote:</cite>It should be noted that that normal words [<span style="font-style: italic;" class="mycode_i">in his attempt to create a grammar</span>] account for over 88% of all label tokens, and over 96.5% of all the tokens (word instances) in the text. The exceptions (less than 4 every 100 text words) can be ascribed to several causes, including physical "noise" and transcription errors. (Different people transcribing the same page often disagree on their reading, with roughly that same frequency.). Indeed, most "abnormal" words are still quite similar to normal words, as discussed in a You are not allowed to view links. <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=register">Register</a> or <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=login">Login</a> to view..<br />
[..]<br />
The words that do not fit into our paradigm [..] These words comprise 1295 tokens (3.7%) in the main text, and 127 tokens (12.4%) in the labels. The vast majority are rare words that occur only once in the whole manuscript.</blockquote><ul class="mycode_list"><li>TheYou are not allowed to view links. <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=register">Register</a> or <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=login">Login</a> to view. by Brian Cham and David Jackson describes how Voynich glyphs can be divided into three categories that interact with one another in a pre-defined manner.<br />
</li>
</ul>
<span style="font-weight: bold;" class="mycode_b">Notes</span><br />
<ol type="1" class="mycode_list"><li>Statement changed from "The morpheme construction of labels is in concordance with that of the main corpus"<br />
</li>
<li>Added Davidsch to further reading<br />
</li>
</ol>
]]></content:encoded>
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			<title><![CDATA[The manuscript is not a palimpsest]]></title>
			<link>https://www.voynich.ninja/thread-744.html</link>
			<pubDate>Mon, 12 Sep 2016 16:33:55 +0000</pubDate>
			<dc:creator><![CDATA[<a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=profile&uid=1">davidjackson</a>]]></dc:creator>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.voynich.ninja/thread-744.html</guid>
			<description><![CDATA[<span style="font-weight: bold;" class="mycode_b">Statement</span><br />
<br />
<ol type="1" class="mycode_list"><li>The Voynich manuscript is not a palimpsest<br />
</li>
</ol>
<span style="font-weight: bold;" class="mycode_b">Explanation</span><br />
A palimpsestis defined as a manuscript which has been re-used by scraping off the previous writing, leaving a blank skin upon which to write afresh.<br />
The process usually results in a finer skin, as the upper layer has been scraped off, leaving signs to the naked eye. Other methods to detect palimpests include chemical analysis (not carried out) and multispectral imagery (carried out in 2014 with no apparant signs being published).<br />
Careful examination of the scans have failed to detect any signs of this process.<br />
Furthermore, the manuscript has been subjected to analysis by experts from the McCrone Institute and Yale (both in 2009) with no signs being found that this is a palimpsest.<br />
A further examination at the Folger Institute display in 2014 by experts also failed to detect any signs of previous writing, leaving the experts to conclude verbally to witnesses that it was not a palimpest (1).<br />
Just as importantly, nor have the thousands of hours of analysis by amateurs over the course of the last century bought up any serious suggestion that the manuscript is a palimpsest.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-weight: bold;" class="mycode_b">Further reading</span><br />
<ol type="1" class="mycode_list"><li>You are not allowed to view links. <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=register">Register</a> or <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=login">Login</a> to view.<br />
</li>
</ol>
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<span style="font-weight: bold;" class="mycode_b">Statement</span><br />
<br />
<ol type="1" class="mycode_list"><li>The Voynich manuscript is not a palimpsest<br />
</li>
</ol>
<span style="font-weight: bold;" class="mycode_b">Explanation</span><br />
A palimpsestis defined as a manuscript which has been re-used by scraping off the previous writing, leaving a blank skin upon which to write afresh.<br />
The process usually results in a finer skin, as the upper layer has been scraped off, leaving signs to the naked eye. Other methods to detect palimpests include chemical analysis (not carried out) and multispectral imagery (carried out in 2014 with no apparant signs being published).<br />
Careful examination of the scans have failed to detect any signs of this process.<br />
Furthermore, the manuscript has been subjected to analysis by experts from the McCrone Institute and Yale (both in 2009) with no signs being found that this is a palimpsest.<br />
A further examination at the Folger Institute display in 2014 by experts also failed to detect any signs of previous writing, leaving the experts to conclude verbally to witnesses that it was not a palimpest (1).<br />
Just as importantly, nor have the thousands of hours of analysis by amateurs over the course of the last century bought up any serious suggestion that the manuscript is a palimpsest.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-weight: bold;" class="mycode_b">Further reading</span><br />
<ol type="1" class="mycode_list"><li>You are not allowed to view links. <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=register">Register</a> or <a href="https://www.voynich.ninja/member.php?action=login">Login</a> to view.<br />
</li>
</ol>
]]></content:encoded>
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