(05-10-2019, 01:23 AM)-JKP- Wrote: You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view.* I've found that the terms traditional or humanist seem to work reasonably well in describing the break in zodiac traditions that my research suggests occurred in northeast France/Flanders and which slowly migrated east and south to create the traditions that most closely resemble the VMS zodiac figures.

The group that splits off not only represents the archer as a two-legged creature rather than a centaur, but also represents Gemini as a human couple rather than as celestial brothers. So "humanist" seems like a comfortable working term for the present time even though this break in tradition happened in the early medieval period and is not in parallel with the "humanists" of the 16th century. If someone can think of a better term, I am open to suggestions.

1. Humanism, as in the overarching philosophy centered on human interest and values that started as Renaissance Humanism below, is considered to have entered the English language in the 16th century, and morphed out of the Roman reference to a liberal education below (there is actually much disagreement over the exact definition, which is a lot lengthier)
   
2. Humanities, the philosophy of education or modern university concept that began as a Roman reference to a liberal education
   
3. Renaissance Humanism, the intellectual worldview[font=sans-serif] movement centered on the nature and importance of humanity[/font] that was started in Italy in the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries and was the original form of Humanism noted above but is very different
   
4. Religious Humanism or humanistic theology, practiced by groups like the Quakers, now rarely practiced (some modern humanists break humanism down as secular versus religious but that is a different variation)
   
5. Christian Humanism, a religious and theological variation of Renaissance Humanism, not Religious Humanism, that started in the 15th century
   
6. Secular Humanism, which includes Scientific Humanism, is the 20th century branch off of Humanism above that specifically rejects religion as unnecessary to the philosophy and it is probably the more commonly referred to variation currently; they prefer to be called Humanists specifically
   
7. Humanist Miniscule, a handwriting or style of script that was invented in secular circles in Italy early 15th century
   
8. Humanist Typefaces, also called Venetian, include the first Roman typefaces created during the 15th century by Venetian printers designed to [font=sans-serif]imitate the Humanist Miniscule handwriting found in the manuscripts of Renaissance Humanists; this includes current typefaces like Centaur and Hightower Text[/font]
   

Clear as mud, right?    There are more variations and the Wikipedia articles about it will give you a headache but probably also a better definition than mine above. Mine are very short and generalized definitions, broadly interpreted. That is to say, I'm being much briefer, uncharacteristically so, by comparison. 

(09-06-2023, 10:45 AM)merrimacga Wrote: You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login to view.I'm finding it a little confusing, there are so many things that could be meant by it but these seem to be the main ones: